bluq
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Blue Light (BLUQ)
Blue Light/BLUQ is the name of an additional questionnaire initiated by the National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM).
BLUQ assessed the evening use of blue light-emitting devices in children (8-17 years old) using a self-report questionnaire, enabling the investigation of its effects on health (e.g., sleep patterns, concentration at school).
BLUQ was part of a shifwork- and blue light-related research project that included a second additional questionnaire called Shiftwork.
The Blue Light variables are available for use for all researchers and can be requested through the catalogue. Questions to the contact person of the additional questionnaire can be asked through Lifelines (e-mail data@lifelines.nl).
Protocol
The BLUQ questionnaire was sent out in the spring of 2018.
Parents of young Lifelines participants (between 8-17 years) received the questionnaire and were asked to help their child fill in the questionnaire (children aged 8-12) or to forward it to their child and ask her/him to fill in the questionnaire (children aged 13-17).
Response
~3.600 participants aged 8-12 were invited for BLUQ. The response rate was 21%.
~4.200 participants aged 13-18 were invited for BLUQ. The response rate was 16%.
Publications using BLUQ data
The results from BLUQ were used in a report on screen use, blue light exposure and sleep quality in children (written in Dutch).
Variables
The following instruments were used to assess chronotype and sleep quality:
In addition, the questionnaire included various questions about screen use and blue light exposure (section: lifestyle & environment, subsection nighttime screen use):
| Questions English | Questions Dutch | Code | Variable | Assessment | Age |
| on average, how many days a week did your child use a pc/laptop between 19.00h and 06.00h? (in the last 4 weeks) | Hoeveel dagen per week gebruikte uw kind gemiddeld een PC/laptop in de avond/nacht tussen 19.00 en 06.00 uur? | eveningnight_computer_chi_q_1 | CHSCREEN1A | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| on average, how many hours did your child use a pc/laptop between 19.00h and 06.00h? (in the last 4 weeks) | Hoeveel uur besteedde uw kind dan gemiddeld tussen 19.00 en 06.00 uur aan het gebruik van een PC/laptop? | eveningnight_computer_chi_q_1_a | CHSCREEN1B | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| watching movies/clips/television/netflix / what does your child do on the pc/laptop at that moment? (evening/night) | Film(pjes)/TV/Netflix kijken/ Wat doet uw kind dan op de PC/laptop? | eveningnight_computer_chi_q_1_b1 | CHSCREEN1C1 | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| playing games (for example via pc, app, or website) / what does your child do on the pc/laptop at that moment? (evening/night) | Spelletjes spelen (bijvoorbeeld via PC, app of website)/ Wat doet uw kind dan op de PC/laptop? | eveningnight_computer_chi_q_1_b2 | CHSCREEN1C2 | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| surfing the web / what does your child do on the pc/laptop at that moment? (evening/night) | Websites bezoeken/ Wat doet uw kind dan op de PC/laptop? | eveningnight_computer_chi_q_1_b3 | CHSCREEN1C3 | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| e-mailing, using whatsapp (or use of another chat programme) / what does your child do on the pc/laptop at that moment? (evening/night) | E-Mailen, Whatsapp gebruiken (of gebruik ander chatprogramma)/ Wat doet uw kind dan op de PC/laptop? | eveningnight_computer_chi_q_1_b4 | CHSCREEN1C4 | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| using social media (facebook, twitter, etc.) / what does your child do on the pc/laptop at that moment? (evening/night) | Social media gebruiken (Facebook, Twitter etc.)/ Wat doet uw kind dan op de PC/laptop? | eveningnight_computer_chi_q_1_b5 | CHSCREEN1C5 | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| reading an e-book or pdf / what does your child do on the pc/laptop at that moment? (evening/night) | e-book/pdf lezen / Wat doet uw kind dan op de pc/laptop? | eveningnight_computer_chi_q_1_b6 | CHSCREEN1C6 | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| processing text or data (word, excel, etc.) / what does your child do on the pc/laptop at that moment? (evening/night) | Tekst/data-verwerking (Word, Excel etc.)/ Wat doet uw kind dan op de PC/laptop? | eveningnight_computer_chi_q_1_b7 | CHSCREEN1C7 | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| i don't know / what does your child do on the pc/laptop at that moment? (evening/night) | Weet ik niet / Wat doet uw kind dan op de PC/laptop? | eveningnight_computer_chi_q_1_b8 | CHSCREEN1C8 | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| other activity: / what does your child do on the pc/laptop at that moment? (evening/night) | Anders, nl./ Wat doet uw kind dan op de PC/laptop? | eveningnight_computer_chi_q_1_b9 | CHSCREEN1C9 | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| specification other activity / what does your child do on the pc/laptop at that moment? (evening/night) | Specificatie anders, nl./ Wat doet uw kind dan op de PC/laptop? | eveningnight_computer_chi_q_1_b9a | CHSCREEN1C9TXT | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| how often did your child manually adjust the light intensity (brightness) of the pc/laptop (or did you or another family member do this for your child)? | Hoe vaak paste uw kind de lichtinstellingen van de PC/laptop handmatig aan (of deed u of een ander gezindslid dit voor uw kind)? | brightness_computer_chi_q_1 | CHSCREEN1D | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| on average, how many days a week did your child use a smartphone between 19.00h and 06.00h? (in the last 4 weeks) | Hoeveel dagen per week gebruikte uw kind gemiddeld een smartphone in de avond/nacht tussen 19.00 en 06.00 uur? | eveningnight_smartphone_chi_q_1 | CHSCREEN2A | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| on average, how many hours did your child use a smartphone between 19.00h and 06.00h? (in the last 4 weeks) | Hoeveel uur besteedde uw kind dan gemiddeld tussen 19.00 en 06.00 uur aan het gebruik van een smartphone? | eveningnight_smartphone_chi_q_1_a | CHSCREEN2B | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| watching movies/clips/television/netflix / what does your child do on the smartphone at that moment? (evening/night) | Film(pjes)/TV/Netflix kijken/ Wat doet uw kind dan op de smartphone? | eveningnight_smartphone_chi_q_1_b1 | CHSCREEN2C1 | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| playing games (for example via app or website) / what does your child do on the smartphone at that moment? (evening/night) | Spelletjes spelen (bijvoorbeeld via app of website)/ Wat doet uw kind dan op de smartphone? | eveningnight_smartphone_chi_q_1_b2 | CHSCREEN2C2 | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| surfing the web / what does your child do on the smartphone at that moment? (evening/night) | Websites bezoeken/ Wat doet uw kind dan op de smartphone? | eveningnight_smartphone_chi_q_1_b3 | CHSCREEN2C3 | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| e-mailing, using whatsapp (or use of another chat programme) / what does your child do on the smartphone at that moment? (evening/night) | E-Mailen, Whatsapp gebruiken (of gebruik ander chatprogramma)/ Wat doet uw kind dan op de smartphone? | eveningnight_smartphone_chi_q_1_b4 | CHSCREEN2C4 | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| using social media (facebook, twitter, etc.) / what does your child do on the smartphone at that moment? (evening/night) | Social media gebruiken (Facebook, Twitter etc.)/ Wat doet uw kind dan op de smartphone? | eveningnight_smartphone_chi_q_1_b5 | CHSCREEN2C5 | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| reading an e-book or pdf / what does your child do on the smartphone at that moment? (evening/night) | E-Book/pdf lezen/ Wat doet uw kind dan op de smartphone? | eveningnight_smartphone_chi_q_1_b6 | CHSCREEN2C6 | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| processing text or data (word, excel, etc.) / what does your child do on the smartphone at that moment? (evening/night) | Tekst/data-verwerking (Word, Excel etc.)/ Wat doet uw kind dan op de smartphone? | eveningnight_smartphone_chi_q_1_b7 | CHSCREEN2C7 | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| i don't know / what does your child do on the smartphone at that moment? (evening/night) | Weet ik niet/ Wat doet uw kind dan op de smartphone? | eveningnight_smartphone_chi_q_1_b8 | CHSCREEN2C8 | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| other activity: / what does your child do on the smartphone at that moment? (evening/night) | Anders, nl./ Wat doet uw kind dan op de smartphone? | eveningnight_smartphone_chi_q_1_b9 | CHSCREEN2C9 | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| specification other activity / what does your child do on the smartphone at that moment? (evening/night) | Specificatie anders, nl./ Wat doet uw kind dan op de smartphone? | eveningnight_smartphone_chi_q_1_b9a | CHSCREEN2C9TXT | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| how often did your child manually adjust the light intensity (brightness) of the smartphone (or did you or another family member do this for your child)? | Hoe vaak paste uw kind de lichtinstellingen van de smartphone handmatig aan (of deed u of een ander gezinslid dit voor uw kind)? | brightness_smartphone_chi_q_1 | CHSCREEN2D | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| on average, how many days a week did your child use a tablet (ipad or other brand) between 19.00h and 06.00h? (in the last 4 weeks) | Hoeveel dagen per week gebruikte uw kind gemiddeld een tablet (iPad of ander merk) in de avond/nacht tussen 19.00 en 06.00 uur? | eveningnight_tablet_chi_q_1 | CHSCREEN3A | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| on average, how many hours did your child use a tablet between 19.00h and 06.00h? (in the last 4 weeks) | Hoeveel uur besteedde uw kind dan gemiddeld tussen 19.00 en 06.00 uur aan het gebruik van een tablet? | eveningnight_tablet_chi_q_1_a | CHSCREEN3B | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| watching movies/clips/television/netflix / what do you do on the tablet at that moment? (evening/night) | Film(pjes)/TV/Netflix kijken/ Wat doet uw kind dan op de tablet? | eveningnight_tablet_chi_q_1_b1 | CHSCREEN3C1 | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| playing games (for example via app or website) / what does your child do on the tablet at that moment? (evening/night) | Spelletjes spelen (bijvoorbeeld via app of website)/ Wat doet uw kind dan op de tablet? | eveningnight_tablet_chi_q_1_b2 | CHSCREEN3C2 | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| surfing the web / what does your child do on the tablet at that moment? (evening/night) | Websites bezoeken/ Wat doet uw kind dan op de tablet? | eveningnight_tablet_chi_q_1_b3 | CHSCREEN3C3 | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| e-mailing, using whatsapp (or use of another chat programme) / what does your child do on the tablet at that moment? (evening/night) | E-Mailen, Whatsapp gebruiken (of gebruik ander chatprogramma)/ Wat doet uw kind dan op de tablet? | eveningnight_tablet_chi_q_1_b4 | CHSCREEN3C4 | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| using social media (facebook, twitter, etc.) / what does your child do on the tablet at that moment? (evening/night) | Social media gebruiken (Facebook, Twitter etc.)/ Wat doet uw kind dan op de tablet? | eveningnight_tablet_chi_q_1_b5 | CHSCREEN3C5 | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| reading an e-book or pdf / what does your child do on the tablet at that moment? (evening/night) | E-Book/pdf lezen/ Wat doet uw kind dan op de tablet? | eveningnight_tablet_chi_q_1_b6 | CHSCREEN3C6 | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| processing text or data (word, excel, etc.) / what does your child do on the tablet at that moment? (evening/night) | Tekst/data-verwerking (Word, Excel etc.)/ Wat doet uw kind dan op de tablet? | eveningnight_tablet_chi_q_1_b7 | CHSCREEN3C7 | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| i don't know / what does your child do on the tablet at that moment? (evening/night) | Weet ik niet / Wat doet uw kind dan op de tablet? | eveningnight_tablet_chi_q_1_b8 | CHSCREEN3C8 | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| other activity: / what does your child do on the tablet at that moment? (evening/night) | Anders, nl./ Wat doet uw kind dan op de tablet? | eveningnight_tablet_chi_q_1_b9 | CHSCREEN3C9 | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| specification other activity / what does your child do on the tablet at that moment? (evening/night) | Specificatie anders, nl./ Wat doet uw kind dan op de tablet? | eveningnight_tablet_chi_q_1_b9a | CHSCREEN3C9TXT | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| how often did your child manually adjust the light intensity (brightness) of the tablet (or did you or another family member do this for your child)? | Hoe vaak paste uw kind de lichtinstellingen van de tablet handmatig aan (of deed u of een ander gezinslid dit voor uw kind)? | brightness_tablet_chi_q_1 | CHSCREEN3D | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| on average, how many days a week did your child use a tv between 19.00h and 06.00h? (in the last 4 weeks) | Hoeveel dagen per week gebruikte uw kind gemiddeld een televisie in de avond/nacht tussen 19.00 en 06.00 uur? | eveningnight_television_chi_q_1 | CHSCREEN4A | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| on average, how many hours did your child use a tv between 19.00h and 06.00h? (in the last 4 weeks) | Hoeveel uur besteedde uw kind dan gemiddeld tussen 19.00 en 06.00 uur aan het gebruik van een televisie? | eveningnight_television_chi_q_1_a | CHSCREEN4B | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| watching movies/clips/tv/netflix / what does your child do on the tv at that moment? (evening/night) | Film(pjes)/TV/Netflix kijken/ Wat doet uw kind dan op de televisie? | eveningnight_television_chi_q_1_b1 | CHSCREEN4C1 | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| playing games (for example via game console, pc, or app) / what does your child do on the tv at that moment? (evening/night) | Spelletjes spelen (bijvoorbeeld via gameconsole, PC of app)/ Wat doet uw kind dan op de televisie? | eveningnight_television_chi_q_1_b2 | CHSCREEN4C2 | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| surfing the web / what does your child do on the tv at that moment? (evening/night) | Websites bezoeken/ Wat doet uw kind dan op de televisie? | eveningnight_television_chi_q_1_b3 | CHSCREEN4C3 | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| e-mailing, using whatsapp (or use of another chat programme) / what does your child do on the tv at that moment? (evening/night) | E-mailen, whatsapp gebruiken (of gebruik ander chatprogramma) / Wat doet uw kind dan op de televisie? | eveningnight_television_chi_q_1_b4 | CHSCREEN4C4 | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| using social media (facebook, twitter, etc.) / what does your child do on the tv at that moment? (evening/night) | Social media gebruiken (facebook, twitter etc.) / Wat doet uw kind dan op de televisie? | eveningnight_television_chi_q_1_b5 | CHSCREEN4C5 | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| reading an e-book or pdf / what does your child do on the tv at that moment? (evening/night) | E-book/pdf lezen / Wat doet uw kind dan op de televisie? | eveningnight_television_chi_q_1_b6 | CHSCREEN4C6 | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| processing text or data (word, excel, etc.) / what does your child do on the tv at that moment? (evening/night) | Tekst/data-verwerking (word, excel etc.) / Wat doet uw kind dan op de televisie? | eveningnight_television_chi_q_1_b7 | CHSCREEN4C7 | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| i don't know / what does your child do on the tv at that moment? (evening/night) | Weet ik niet / Wat doet uw kind dan op de televisie? | eveningnight_television_chi_q_1_b8 | CHSCREEN4C8 | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| other activity: / what does your child do on the tv at that moment? (evening/night) | Anders, nl./ Wat doet uw kind dan op de televisie? | eveningnight_television_chi_q_1_b9 | CHSCREEN4C9 | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| specification other activity / what does your child do on the tv at that moment? (evening/night) | Specificatie anders, nl./ Wat doet uw kind dan op de televisie? | eveningnight_television_chi_q_1_b9a | CHSCREEN4C9TXT | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| how often did your child manually adjust the light intensity (brightness) of the tv (or did you or another family member do this for your child)? | Hoe vaak paste u de lichtinstellingen van de televisie handmatig aan (of deed u of een ander gezinslid dit voor uw kind)? | brightness_television_chi_q_1 | CHSCREEN4D | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| pc/laptop / on which devices did your child regularly (more than 1x per week) use programmes or apps to filter blue light during the evening/night? | PC/Laptop/ Op welke apparaten gebruikte uw kind regelmatig (meer dan 1x per week) programma’s of apps om blauw licht te filteren tijdens de avond/nacht? | bluelight_filter_chi_q_1_a | CHSCREEN9A | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| smartphone / on which devices did your child regularly (more than 1x per week) use programmes or apps to filter blue light during the evening/night? | Smartphone/ Op welke apparaten gebruikte uw kind regelmatig (meer dan 1x per week) programma’s of apps om blauw licht te filteren tijdens de avond/nacht? | bluelight_filter_chi_q_1_b | CHSCREEN9B | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| tablet (ipad or other brand)/ on which devices did your child regularly (more than 1x per week) use programmes or apps to filter blue light during the evening/night? | Tablet (iPad of ander merk)/ Op welke apparaten gebruikte uw kind regelmatig (meer dan 1x per week) programma’s of apps om blauw licht te filteren tijdens de avond/nacht? | bluelight_filter_chi_q_1_c | CHSCREEN9C | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| tv / on which devices did your child regularly (more than 1x per week) use programmes or apps to filter blue light during the evening/night? | TV/ Op welke apparaten gebruikte uw kind regelmatig (meer dan 1x per week) programma’s of apps om blauw licht te filteren tijdens de avond/nacht? | bluelight_filter_chi_q_1_d | CHSCREEN9D | BLUQ | 8-12 |
| none of the devices / on which devices did your child regularly (more than 1x per week) use programmes or apps to filter blue light during the evening/night? | Geen van de apparaten/ Op welke apparaten gebruikte uw kind regelmatig (meer dan 1x per week) programma’s of apps om blauw licht te filteren tijdens de avond/nacht? | bluelight_filter_chi_q_1_e | CHSCREEN9E | BLUQ | 8-12 |
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